Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

1. Bohr’s theory considers an electron as a material particle. Its position and momentum can be determined with accuracy.

2. But, when an electron is considered in the form of wave as suggested by de-Broglie, it is not possible to ascertain simultaneously the exact position and velocity of the electron more precisely at a given instant.

3. Heisenberg uncertainity principle which states that: “It is impossible to measure simultaneously the exact position and exact momentum of a body as small as an electron.”

The uncertainity in measurement of position, x, and the uncertainity in momentum  p or m Δ v, are related by Heisenberg’s relationship as: (p = mv, Δp=m Δ v)