Program Statement

A statement is a syntax construct that executes an action upon execution of a program. C Programs statements are terminated with a semi-colon(;).

A program statement in C are classified as:

• Declaration statement
• Expression statement
• Compound statement
• Labelled statement
• Control statement
• Selection
• Iteration
• Jump

Declaration statement:

The declaration statement is a program statement for communicating to a language translator about the name and type of variables.

Example:

 int x;

Expression statement:

It is a program statement made up of a sequence of operators and operands that specifies the calculation.

Example:

c=a+b*c;

Compound statement:

The compound statement is a sequence of statements that can be treated as one statement in building more important statements.

Example:

if(c==1)
{
x=x+1; 
y=y*3;
}

Labeled statement:

The labeled statement can be used to mark any statement so that control can be passed to that particular statement.

Example:

L1: c=c*3; 
n=n-1;
if(n>0) goto L1;

Control statement:

It is a statement where the performance of which results in a choice between two or more paths to follow.

Different types of control statements are:

Selection statements:

These let a program select a specific execution path from a set of one or more alternatives.

Example:

if..else statements.

Iterative statements:

These are used to run one or more statements multiple times.

Example:

while, for, do-while.

Jump statement:

It results in an unconditional jump to another place of the program.

Example:

goto.