Unicast Routing Protocol
Unicast refers to the transmission between a single server and a single receiver.
There are three major protocols for unicasting:
- Distance Vector Routing
- Link State Routing
- Path-Vector Routing
Distance Vector Routing
In the Distance Vector Routing or the DVR the router needs to inform the neighbours about topology changes periodically. It uses User datagram protocol or UDP for transportation.
Link State Routing
It is the second family of routing protocols. Link state routing uses link state routers to exchange messages that allow each router to learn the entire network topology.
The features of the link state routing are as follows:
- Link state packet: It is a small packet containing the routing information.
- Link state database: It is a collection of information gathered from the link state packet.
- Shortest path first algorithm: It is a calculation performed on the database results into the shortest path.
- Routing table: it is a list of the known paths.
Path-Vector Routing
Path-vector routing is a routing algorithm that is useful for interdomain routing.
It is based on a similar principle as Distance vector routing, it assumes that there is one node in each system, and it acts on behalf of the entire autonomous system is called Speaker node. It creates a routing cable and advertises to the speaker node.
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