Phases of a Compiler
There are 6 phases in a compiler
- The Lexical Analyzer is fed with a high-level language. Here the code is divided into a series of tokens. Tokens are a set of characters or lines
- Syntax Analyzer is also called the parse. The stream of tokens, Grammar rules are given as the input to the syntax analyzer. Based on these inputs, it generates a Parse Tree. It also analyses if the structure, the keywords and everything related to the syntax of the program are correct.
- The semantic analyzer gets the parse tree as the input. It checks for type casting errors or semantic errors.
- In intermediate code converts expressions into 3 address code formats.
- Code optimization tries to remove unnecessary variables. Code optimization helps to reduce execution time and reduce the storage space that variables occupy.
- The input is the optimized code. The values in the expression are moved to special-purpose registers to perform operations faster.
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