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Views

Views are like virtual tables, which also contain rows and columns like that of a normal table in a database. A view can be created using more than one table in a database. A view can either have a specific row with a specification or may also contain all the rows.

  

Syntax : Create  view  V  as  < query expression > ‘View’  is a logical relation.

 

Let us understand this with a few examples.

 

Example-1 :  Create a view ‘student’ containing SNo, Sname.

 

                                Create  view  student  as

                                     (Select SNo, SName

                                      From STUD) ;

Output :                           

student  (VIEW)

SNo            SName

                                               121             xyz

                                               123             pqr

                                         126             mnp

                                                128             abc

                                                130             jkl

 

Example-2 :  Create a view containing  SNo, SName, CNo, CName.

 

                  Create view  stud_course

                            (Select  SNo, SName, CNo, CName

                            From STUD, COURSE

                            Where  STUD.CNo = COURSE.CNo ;

 

 

Output :                    stud_course (VIEW)

    

SNo   SName       CNo CName

                                      121     xyz              61   DBMS

                                      126     mnp            65   CO

                                      128      abc             67   OS

       

Example-3:   Find SName and the CName the student is studying

  using stud_course view

Select SName, CName 

         From stud_course ;

Output :                      SName       CName

                                                  xyz              DBMS

                                                 mnp           CO

                                                  abc             OS

 

Example-4 :   Create a view containing SName and DName in which he is studying.

 

                     Consider following relations :

R1 :  STUD                                                 R2 : DEPT

SNo SName       DNo                     DNo         DName

121 xyz              21                           21               CSE

123 pqr              21                           22               IT

126 mnp            22                           23               ECE

128 abc             22                           24               ME

130 jkl                23                           25               EEE

———————————-                     —————————-

                                             Create a view stud_dept as

                                              (Select  SName, DName

 From         STUD, DEPT

Where STUD.DNo = DEPT.DNo ;

 Output :                              stud_dept  (VIEW)

                                                         SName       DName

                                                         xyz              CSE

                                                         pqr              CSE

                                                         mnp            IT

                                                         abc             IT

                                                         jkl                ECE

Example-5 :   Find the list of students studying in ECE department

                       using stud_dept view.

 

Select  SName

From stud_dept

Where DName = ‘ECE’ ;.

 Output :                            SName

                                                   jkl               

 

There are three stages of Views:       

  • Materialized Views : If a view is stored in the memory, then it is called a ‘materialized view’.
  • Materialized View Maintenance : The process of keeping materialized view up-to-date is called ‘materialized view maintenance’.
  • Update of a View : Like a relation, one can update a view also.

        

Example-6 :   Insert a tuple into the view ‘stud_dept’.

        

Insert into stud_dept values (‘ghi’, ‘CIVIL’) 

 

Example-7 :   After inserting the above tuple, display the student name studying in the CIVIL department using the view ‘stud_dept’.

 

         Select SName

         From stud_dept 

         Where DName = ‘CIVIL’ ;         

 

Output :                    SName

                                        ghi

 

Reference

Views