Operators In JavaScript

JavaScript operators are symbols that are used to perform operations on operands.

They are things like addition +, multiplication *, subtraction -, and so on.

In JavaScript we have different types of operators such as

• Arithmetic Operators
• Assignment Operators
• Comparison (Relational) Operators
• Logical Operators
• Special Operators

Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used to perform arithmetic between variables and/or values.

let y = 5;  
let x = y + 2;
console.log(x);  // it wil return 7

Similarly we can calculate using different operators such as multiplication, Subtraction and division. There are also some special operators such as :

Exponential Operators

It is an updated operator from (ES6)

let y = 2;
let x = y ** 2;
console.log(x);  // it will return 4;

Increment

The increment symbol is displayed as ++

let y = 5;
let x = ++y;
console.log(x); // it will return 6
console.log(y); it will return 6

Note that both the variables will be affected here. The Decrement operator works as same.

Assignment Operators

Some of the assignment operators are like :

●  =

● +=

● -=

● *=

● %=

The examples of assignment operators are mentioned below :

● let x = 10;
let y = 5;
x = y;
console.log(x) // it will return 10
● let x = 10;
let y = 5;
x += y;
console.log(x); // it will return 15
● let x = 10;
let y = 5;
x *= y;
console.log(x); // it will return 15
●let x = 10;
let y = 5;
x %= y;
console.log(x); // it will return the 15

Similarly we can use the above assignment operators

Comparison (Relational )Operators

Comparison operators are used in logical statements to determine equality or difference between variables or values.

X = 5;
console.log(x == 8); // returns false
X = 5
console.log(x == 5) // returns true
X = 5
console.log(x === “5”) ; // returns false as three equal to check for the data type as well. If x is integer 5 or string 5 , So it returns false.
X = 5
console.log(x != 8)  // returns true as this stands for not equal to ,So it returns true.
X = 5
console.log(x ! ===”8”)// returns  true. Here it stands for not equal to and not equal data type.
X = 5
console.log(x > 8) ; // returns false ,it stands for greater than.
X = 5
console.log(x >= 8); // it returns false as it checks is variable is greater than ir equal to.

Logical Operators

Logical operators are used to determine the logic between variables or values. Logical operators include

● &&     and

● ||        or

● !       not

Below are the mentioned examples

let x = 6;
let y = 3;
console.log(x < 10 && y > 1); // return true as variable x is less than 10 and variable y is greater than 1.
let x = 6;
let y = 3;
console.log(x == 5 || y == 5); // returns false as variable x is not equal to 5 and variable y is not equal to 5. Here we are using || or condition to check the values of both the variables at once.
let x = 6;
let y = 3;
console.log(!x === y) // return true

The NOT operator (!) returns true for false statements and false for true statements.

Special Operators

Below are some of the examples of special operators in js

Ternary operator

This operator can be used as a shortcut for if statement. It Returns the value of expr1 if condition is true, or the value of expr2 if condition is false

Condition ? exp1 : exp2

Comma operator (,)

exp1,exp2

This operator evaluates both the expressions and returns value of exp2. This operator can be used to put multiple expressions in one statement.

Nullish Operator    (??)

The ?? operator returns the first argument if it is null or undefined. Otherwise it returns the second.

let a =  3
let b = null
console.log(a ?? b) // it returns 3 as it replaces the b null value with a value 3 .
let a = undefined
let b = 3
console.log(a ?? b ) // it returns 3 as it replaces the value of undefined with 3 .