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Python – PIP

Python – PIP

In this tutorial you will learn python in detail.

 

Pip is one of the best tools to install and manage Python packages that are not part of the Python standard library. Its fame has been increased by the number of applications using this tool. Pip enables 3rd party package installations. Python newest versions come with pip installed by default, this tutorial shows you how to install Pip, check its version, and show some basic commands for new Pythonistas.

 

Confirm that Python is installed.

 

Open a command prompt to check whether Python is installed on your Windows. Type python and press Enter the command prompt. If Python is installed properly, you will see output as shown below.

 

Python 3.7.0 (v3.7.0:1bf9cc5093, Jun 27 2018, 04:59:51) [MSC v.1914 6
4 bit (AMD64)] on win32
 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

 

If you receive a message like:

 

Python is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file.

This shows that the Python is not installed or system variable path has not been set. Just launch Python from the folder in which it is installed or adjust your system variables to allow Python to be launched from any location.

 

Installing Pip on Windows

 

After confirming that Python is installed correctly, we can proceed with installing Pip.

  1. Download get-pip.pyto a folder.
  2. In command prompt navigate to the folder containing the get-pip.py installer
  3. Run the following command:

 

python get-pip.py

 

Pip should now be installed successfully. If it says “file not found” error, double check the directory path to the file.

 

Verify Installation and Check the Pip Version

To check Pip was installed correctly, open command prompt and enter the following command.

 

pip -V

You should see output similar to the following:

 

pip 18.0 from c:\users\administrator\appdata\local\programs\python\
python37\lib\site-packages\pip (python 3.7)

 

Basic Package Installation

 

You can see pip supported commands by running it with help command:

 

$ pip help

Usage:
  pip <command> [options]

Commands:
  install                     Install packages.
  download                    Download packages.
  uninstall                   Uninstall packages.
  freeze                      Output installed packages in requirements format.
  list                        List installed packages.
  show                        Show information about installed packages.
  check                       Verify installed packages have compatible
                              dependencies.
  config                      Manage local and global configuration.
  search                      Search PyPI for packages.
  wheel                       Build wheels from your requirements.
  hash                        Compute hashes of package archives.
completion                  A helper command used for command completion  
  help                        Show help for commands.

General Options:
  -h, --help                  Show help.
  --isolated                  Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment
                              variables and user configuration.
  -v, --verbose               Give more output. Option is additive, and can be
                              used up to 3 times.
  -V, --version               Show version and exit.
  -q, --quiet                 Give less output. Option is additive, and can be
                              used up to 3 times (corresponding to WARNING,
                              ERROR, and CRITICAL logging levels).
  --log <path>                Path to a verbose appending log.
  --proxy <proxy>             Specify a proxy in the form
                              [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.
--retries <retries>         Maximum number of retries each connection 
                            should  attempt (default 5 times).
  --timeout <sec>             Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds).
  --exists-action <action>    Default action when a path already exists:
                              (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup, (a)bort).
--trusted-host <hostname>   Mark this host as trusted, even though it
                            does not have valid or any HTTPS.
  --cert <path>               Path to alternate CA bundle.
  --client-cert <path>        Path to SSL client certificate, a single file
                              containing the private key and the certificate in
                              PEM format.
  --cache-dir <dir>           Store the cache data in <dir>.
  --no-cache-dir              Disable the cache.
  --disable-pip-version-check
                              Don't periodically check PyPI to determine
                              whether a new version of pip is available for
                              download. Implied with --no-index.

 

If you can see, pip has an install command to install packages. You can use this install command followed by the name of the package you want to install.

 

Upgrading Pip

 

It’s important to keep all of your installations up to date to take advantage of the latest features and security fixes. You can actually use Pip to update itself! In order to accomplish this, open a command prompt and enter the following command

 

python -m pip install --upgrade pip

The above command uninstalls the older version of Pip and installs the latest version.

You should see the output as shown below

 

$ python -m pip install --upgrade pip 
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.org/simple
Collecting pip
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/46/dc/  7fd5df840efb3e56c8b4f768793a237ec4ee59891959d6a215d63f727023
/ 
 pip-19.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.4MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████|
 1.4MB 2.0MB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
  Found existing installation: pip 18.1
    Uninstalling pip-18.1: 
     Successfully uninstalled pip-18.1Successfully installed pip-19.0.1

 

Downgrading Pip

 

Sometimes due to compatibility issues you may need to downgrade to an earlier version of Pip. Enter the following command in the command prompt to downgrade to a specific version of Pip (using the version number you need installed).

 

python -m pip install pip==18.0

Now will have the desired version of Pip installed.

 

Uninstalling Packages

 

When you found a better library to replace a package, or it is something you don’t really need you need to uninstall a particular package.  It is very tricky to uninstall a package.

Whenever you install a package, pip also installs other dependencies too. The more packages you install, the bigger the chances that multiple packages depend on the same dependency. This is where the show command in pip comes in handy.

Before you uninstall a package, make sure you run the show command for that package. Example is as shown below how to use show command:

 

$ pip show requests
Name: requests
Version: 2.21.0
Summary: Python HTTP for Humans.
Home-page: http://python-requests.org
Author: Kenneth Reitz
Author-email: me@kennethreitz.org
License: Apache 2.0
Location: c:\users\isaac\projects\virtualenv\py37\lib\site-packages
Requires: urllib3, certifi, chardet, idna
Required-by:

 

The show command tells us that requests requires urllib3, certifi, chardet and idna. You probably want to uninstall those two. You can also see that requests is not required by any other package, so it is safe to uninstall it.

Once you understand the dependency order of the packages you want to uninstall, you can remove them using the uninstall command.

 

$ pip uninstall certifi

You can specify all the packages you want to uninstall in a single call by passing a -y switch and list of all packages. Example:

 

$ pip uninstall -y urllib3 chardet idna requests.

 

List Packages

 

Use the list command to list all the packages installed on your system by entering the following command in the command prompt:

 

$ pip list

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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